Aristotelian Criticism The Monk s Tale - 2417 Words

Aristotelian Criticism: The Monk’s Tale Abstract: Aristotle’s theory of Greek Tragedy was originally intended for Greek plays, but it can be extended to other non-Greek pieces such as novels, short stories, and poetry. The formula contains four key components recommended for tragic tales. The elements of this theory (koros, hubris, ate, and catharsis) can be noted in every tale told by the Monk within The Canterbury Tales, by Geoffrey Chaucer. This relationship will be the main focus of the succeeding composition. Tragic stories can be evaluated in many forms using different methods. One of these approaches, Aristotle’s theory of Greek Tragedy, has become a common formula for examining the value of tragic works. All of the components included in this theory are a reflection of what Aristotle felt made a good tragedy. The elements of this theory (koros, hubris, ate, and catharsis) can be noted in every tale told by the Monk within The Canterbury Tales. One work frequently linked to Aristotle’s theory is the tragic Greek play Oedipus the King, by Sophocles. Perhaps this universal comparison is used due to Aristotle’s high opinion of the work as a perfect tragedy. Although Chaucer’s poem isn’t a Greek play, it would still be prudent to apply the components of Aristotle’s theory to the Monk’s short, tragic tales comprised in â€Å"The Monk’s Tale,† of The Canterbury Tales. In doing so, it will be apparent that Aristotle’s influence reached many future writers, whether they were

Bringing Home Adam Book Critique Free Essays

string(77) " and let them decide what could or could not have been utilized in the case\." Tool would not be formally declared responsible until some twenty seven years later. There are four main points that will be critiqued in this paper. The complications faced by Detective Matthews in working with the Hollywood police Department in trying to solve the case. We will write a custom essay sample on Bringing Home Adam Book Critique or any similar topic only for you Order Now The lack of technology and experience of the Hollywood Police Department concerning the collection of evidence and witness statements. The interagency involvement in finding missing children. The efforts and resources that came about as a result of the Adam Walsh abduction and murder. Analysis Detective Matthews was a polygraph expert with the Miami Beach Police Department. He was asked to assist the Hollywood Police Department with the Adam Walsh case. Throughout the book, the author explains the trials and tribulations that Detective Matthews faced in trying to help the Hollywood Police Department solve the case. Detective Matthews was seen as an outsider from the beginning. He was met with hostility each time he tried to do his job. This was most notably highlighted in the case of Jimmy Campbell. Jimmy Campbell was a family friend and was Adam Walsh’s Godfather. Detective Matthews conducted a polygraph interview of Jimmy Campbell and he was subsequently determined to not have been involved in the abduction and murder of Adam. Though, when Detective Matthews explained who Mr.. Campbell was in relation to the Walsh Family, the lead detective in the case, Detective Jack Hoffman, automatically determined that Mr.. Campbell was the guilty party. It was not long before Detective Matthews was taken off the case. Detective Hoffman explained to Detective Matthews that the case was winding down and that his services would no longer be needed. Stanford Matthews, 2011, p. 6). From the beginning, Detective Hoffman was fixated on Mr.. Campbell, ignoring Detective Matthews’ expertise. Even after having been told that the polygraph indicated no deception in Mr.. Campbell interview, Detective Hoffman based his acquisitions off of subjectivity. Based off of the fact that Mr.. Campbell lived in the Walsh household, had had an affair with Reeve Walsh, a nd had been asked to leave the residence, Detective Hoffman assumed that Mr.. Campbell had committed the crime. Several years later, Detective Matthews would be asked by Hollywood PDP Chief Witt to assist with the case. Detective Matthews anally had the chance to interview Otis Tool but was abruptly removed from case by Chief Witt. It is not exactly clear though, why Detective Matthews received such opposition. The author suggests that it was possible that the Hollywood PDP wanted credit for getting Tool’s confession. It could be possible that by this time, the Hollywood Police Department was trying to do damage control and had known that they let the ball drop in moving forward with handling Tool’s confession. It would be some twenty seven years later when Detective Matthews would be able to complete his investigation, have access to the evidence collected during the investigation, and have access to witnesses, before the Holly. Wood PDP would name Otis Tool as having been responsible for the abduction and murder of Adam Walsh. The authors argues that the lack Of technology and experience Of the Hollywood police Department concerning the collection of evidence and witness statements as a main factor in why this case took over twenty seven years to finally close. In the book, Detective Matthews noted the disorientation of the Hollywood Police Department when it came to taken down witness tips and information. While some of the detectives seemed organized, others assigned to the case would answer incoming calls randomly, jot information given by tipsters on scraps of paper or napkins or whatever might be handy, then hurry out on unrelated assignments without bothering to log their calls (Stanford Matthews, 201 1, p 26). At times it appeared that there was no sort of leadership organization. Even though Detective Hoffman was the lead investigator, he had never handled a high profile case such as this. When Otis Tool was subsequently arrested for having committed a number of there murders, he confessed to Jacksonville Police Department Detective Buddy Terry. Detective Terry contacted Detective Hoffman to advise him of the confession. From the onset, Detective Hoffman accused the Jacksonville PDP detective of feeding information on the Adam Walsh case to Tool. Detective Hoffman subsequently took numerous confessions from Tool but, it was as if he was trying to prove that Tool did not commit the crime. Detective Hoffman Went as far as to have Detective Terry removed from the case, accusing Detective Terry of supplying with the Adam Walsh case file because the two of them planned to write a book for money. In telling the story of the unprofessional between these two detectives it highlighted what appeared to be a common problem within the Hollywood Police Department. The Adam Walsh case was the first high profile case for Detective Hoffman. He was reluctant to work with other agencies in helping solve the case. Evidence of the murder weapon, car, victim’s clothing, and even an extortion letter were improperly handled. With Tool’s confession, the Florida State Attorneys office needed evidence linking Tool to the crime prior to an arrest warrant being issued. The strength of the evidence police roved to prosecutors is one of the most important factors influencing whether prosecutors file criminal charges. Thus, when police are able to secure tangible evidence and cooperative witnesses for the prosecution, the prosecutor is not only more likely to file charges, but is also more likely to win a conviction. (Number gradable, 2014, p. 251). The State Attorneys office was never made aware of any evidence surrounding the murder weapon or vehicle. Detective Hoffman went as far as to go on TV to claim that they found discrepancies in Tool’s confession. In cases such as this one, it would eave been best for Detective Hoffman to have given all the information to the State Attorney’s office and let them decide what could or could not have been utilized in the case. You read "Bringing Home Adam Book Critique" in category "Papers" The case of Adam Walsh involved several different police agencies. Anytime a question of jurisdiction is involved, it is important for agencies to work together and share information to solve the case. It is not uncommon for the Federal investigators to get involved in child abduction cases. In this particular case, Florida senator Paula Hawkins tried to get the FBI involved in the search for Adam Walsh. The FBI was reluctant to interfere n the case however. If Hollywood PDP was searching for a suspect somewhere out of state then the feds would be more than happy to lend a hand (Stanford Matthews, 2011, p. 149). In 1 988, FBI Deputy Director Alan Burgess advised that the Adam Walsh case had entered into the new nationwide database known as VICAR, the Violent Crime Apprehension Program. The FBI-VICAR became the national repository for violent crimes, collating data on homicides, sexual assaults, missing persons, and unidentified human remains (Stanford Matthews, 2011, p. 164). In 1988, the Walsh family received a letter from Tool confessing to the crime and ring to extort money in exchange for the location of Adam Walsh’s bones. The letter was given to Detective Hoffman and he filed the letter away citing a lack of physical evidence. Several years later, when the Walsh Family spoke to the Michael Sat at the State Attorneys Office, he advised that he was not aware of the letter. The book demonstrated Detective Hoffmann failure to share information based off what he considered relevant to the case. There also appeared to be do direct oversight from his superior. When John and Reeve Walsh realized that their son had been kidnapped, they used every source they could to find him. While child abduction is frequently sensationalists, exaggerated, and thus misunderstood, the myth of an epidemic does little to alleviate concern at the family level and widespread conventional beliefs about abduction have developed (Miller et al. 2008, p. 524). The Walsh family was thrust into the spotlight and their personal lives were exposed to the world. Allegations of infidelity and mob affiliation became, at one point, more important than solving the case. Despite this, John and Reeve Walsh managed to bring about change in the way information n missing children was shared amongst law enforcement agencies in the US. While the media tends to sensationalist news, John Walsh used th is to his advantage. He became the host of America’s Most Wanted and used this as an avenue to help other victims of crimes and bring perpetrators to justice. The authors detail just how the Walsh family used their own resources, as well as, outside resources to rally support in an attempt to locate their son. They first utilized search teams and even went as far as producing fliers that were distributed at every major U. S. Airport to passengers (Stanford Matthews, 201 1, p. 3). They worked tirelessly to aid in not only trying to find their son’s killer, but also other missing children in America. From their efforts came the passing of the Missing Children’s Act of 1982, the Missing Children’s Assistance Act of 1 984, the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children, and the Adam Walsh Child Protection and Safety Act. While the author does not detail the effectiveness of the legislation passed as a result of the Adam Walsh abduction and murder, it’s important to note the impact this case had on America. The legislation passed as a result of any type of heinous crime is usually roughs about as a result of public outcry and scrutiny. The Adam Walsh case invoked fear and anger from the community. Naturally the police were expected to solve the crime expeditiously and in a sense, make the streets safe again. According the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children, approximately 800,000 children are reported missing in the CSS and over 100 of these cases are stereotypical kidnappings. Meaning the child did not know the kidnapper or the kidnapper was an acquaintance. The first three hours are the most critical when trying to locate a missing child (â€Å"Key Facts,† 2014). Otis Tool was intent on kidnapping a small boy in the hopes of raising that child as his own. According to the research by Miller et unfairly abduction is more likely to have a criminal motive such as robbery or, more often sexual assault (p. 529). While Tool confessed to having customized Adam, there was no direct evidence to prove this. This study by Miller et al. , showed the difficulty in preventing unfairly abductions vs. family or acquaintance abductions. There have been studies regarding whether child abduction laws are effective in actually preventing crime or simply giving a ales sense of security. In a study conducted by Freeman and Candler (2009), the Adam Walsh Act (AWAY) was examined. The AWAY required states to standardize their registration and community notification practices by categorizing sex offenders into three-tier levels in the interest of increasing public safety (p. 31). The study examined whether or not the AWAY, as well as, other similar acts actually increased public safety. The results indicated that the AWAY failed to â€Å"increase the effectiveness of current registration and community notification practices. In fact, as indicated by the results of the rent study, the system actually decreases the ability of states to predict which sex offenders will sexually roofed and which ones will not† (p. 5). The legislation passed as a result of the Adam Walsh case was meant to create organization amongst the law enforcement agencies. Although it is natural for the media to sensationalist stories such as this, the main purpose was to at least create an avenue for law enforcement to share information with each other. The author detailed the numerous times when information should have been shared but was not. The Walsh family had not received word as to what evidence had been collected. Conclusion The book Brining Adam Home sheds light on one families struggle to find their son. The authors shed light on the reluctance of the Hollywood Police Department to work with other agencies to solve this case. The failure of the police to properly document evidence and witness statements caused this case to remain unsolved for longer than it should have. Behold, children are a heritage from the LORD, the fruit of the womb a reward. Children are God’s greatest gifts. The impact a child abduction has on a family can be detrimental and can forever impact that family. This case captured national attention and from that came a need to try and become more proactive than reactive when it came to child abductions. How to cite Bringing Home Adam Book Critique, Papers

Iron Age Hoplite Warfare and Democracy Essay Example For Students

Iron Age Hoplite Warfare and Democracy Essay Iron Age Hoplite Warfare brings about the First Democratic Societies in Archaic Age Greece, Following the Role of Monarchy, Feudalism and the AristocracyAs per the coverage in our course, in the Persian War, a Greek force from Athens set out to meet the invading Persian army at Marathon, and set them running. They were outnumbered by the Persians two to one, and the Persian army had been the biggest force the Greeks had ever seen. The majority of the killing took place while the Persians were hastily retreating to their ships. With only 192 dead, the Greeks reduced the Persian force by 7,000 men; however, the remaining 13,000 soldiers were still a sizable threat if they should sail down and enter Athens proper, and so the Greek army hastily moved back to their city. The question of how they did this feat might be explained by the Greek theme that any Greek warrior could take on ten barbarians, but for our purposes the interesting question is why their involvement with what they were fighting for was able to give them the push to oust the invading empire. I surmise that the involvement in the state militarily and thus politically for the Athenians, which amounted to the beginning of democracy as we know it. As it is suggested by the book title, The Roots of the Western Tradition dig deep down into the ancient civilizations. Greece is a unique, important and telling civilization to study for it reveals the beginning of systems in which we live that are still evolving. These Greeks had all voted together in assembly, and although assured by Persia that they could not meet the threat, they did not submit to a takeover. All the men who voted for war against Persia, an empire which frightened most other Greek Polis, including Sparta, from sending military aid to Athens, were the very men who would don their Hoplite armor, clash together shield to shield to form phalanxes, and defeat the Persians at Marathon. These men were motivated by their own interests and what they had to protect: their prospering Polis of Athens, and their financial and political gains that came from fighting for it. The Greeks enjoyed a sharing of power, which in their view, was the antithesis of the monarch style powers held by the Absolute Leaders of the Great Empires developing in the Near East. The Persian King was seen as being an ultimate master, and it was perceived that all of his subjects were essentially slave. This may not have been true to that extent, but certainly many men in the 20,000 force beaten at Marathon were not ethnically Persian peoples, and in many cases were people already conquered by the expanding empire. There is a clear difference between the motivations and wills of the soldiers that faced each other at Marathon. Until their great clashes with Persia, Greece had not fought with another great empire. Greece was just enough distance from the Ancient Empires arising in the Nile area and the Near East to have a very unique relationship with these monumental civilizations: they remained out of conflict with them, while engaging in the trade of goods, and just as importantly, engaging in cultural trade, whereby the Greeks were able to modify and use the developments of other ancient societies to their own advantage. Before these cultural links fostered the growth of civilization in Greece, the Greek language and identity had first come via the original Mycenaean Greeks, who had sacked Minoan culture, centered on Crete, and learned much from the Minoans; their culture differed from that of Crete chiefly in its emphasis on fortificationsThey adapted the Minoan script (Linear A) to their own very different language. The result was Linear B, which used a Minoan syllabary to express Greek words. (Hollister, 74) The arts learned in Mycenaean Greece from surrounding empires and cultures continued, though mostly not through violent conflict, as was the case with the Mycenaean devastation of Minoan civilization. Some would say the Greeks perfected these arts: from metal and weapon making, to the use of the Phoenicians system of alphabet and language, to the craft of writing, the Greeks perfected what other nearby early cultures were creating, by interacting and borrowing from them. This made Greece into the very unique, modernizing place it was as the Mycenaean period crumbled due to Barbarian peoples sacking the numerous city state kingdoms; Greece was soon plunged into a three hundred year Dark Age. Clearly, at some time during the Dark Ages the great landowning families the Old Aristocracy had stripped the kings of their power The Council or Officialsoccasionally summoned an assembly of the people (demos), all men.who probably made up the army and ask them to ratify some decision. Clearly the ordinary member of the assembly could hardly say no to anything that the Best People might propose. (Burn, 12) Out of gatherings of Dark and then Archaic Age oikos would rise a strong military and political leader, who was reliable for the defense of the community, the fear of Barbarian sackings being very real in this time period. As Greece was lifting out of the Dark Age and into the Archaic, these Paramount Chiefs, or Big Basileus (the terms Wanax and Korete were gone, leaving Basileus to signify, basically, a king), were becoming wealthier more and more, as Greece was getting far wealthier than it had ever been during the time of Odysseus. The Big Basileus engaged in a process known as synocism, a pr ocess of unification. The city state of Athens developed as the center of a unified Attica through peaceful means, while in Sparta synocism came about through a military process; in both cases, local Basileus were either killed off or incorporated into a new city state (lecture, 2/2/05) The nobility of the early Archaic age, known as the Agathoi, did not wish to see the Paramount Chief gain too much power through the accumulation of vast wealth, and thus they did everything possible to limit his powers, so that he could not become an absolute monarch. They accomplished this by dividing up the remaining powers of the king, such as leading the military, and acting as Chief Judge. The Sweet - Toothed Fairy EssayPlutarch. The Rise and Fall of Athens: Nine Greek Lives. 1960 Penguin Books. Ian Scott-Kilvert. Hollister, C.W. Roots of the Western Tradition. Grant, Michael. Civilization of the Ancient Mediterranean: Volumes I-III. 1988 Charles Scribners Sons. Hesiod translated by Richmond Lattimore. The Works and the Days. Theogony. The Shield of Heracles. 1978 The University of Michigan Press, Ann Harbor. Lectures.